利用java开发微信公众号案例代码

微信公众号开发一般是针对企业和组织的，个人一般只能申请订阅号，并且调用的接口有限，下面我们就来简单的描述下接入公众号的步骤：

1、首先你需要一个邮箱在微信公众号平台进行注册； 注册的方式有订阅号、公众号、小程序和企业号，个人我们这里只能选择订阅号

3、Java Web服务器程序编译好且在服务器上部署可以运行的话，可在微信公众号进行在线接口调试：

1）、选择合适的接口 2）、系统会生成该接口的参数表，您可以直接在文本框内填入对应的参数值（红色星号表示该字段必填） 3）、点击检查问题按钮，即可得到相应的调试信息

1）、接口类型：基础支持 2）、接口列表：获取access_token接口/token 3）、填写相应的参数：grant_type、appid、secret 4）、点击检查问题 5）、验证成功会返回结果和提示，结果为：200 ok,提示：Request successful即表示验证成功

我们这里验证比较多的是消息接口调试：文本消息、图片消息、语音消息、视频消息、etc

4、接口有不理解的地方，可进入开发-->开发者工具-->开发者文档进行查询

下面我们主要讲订阅号怎么样接收消息的案例：

1、需要申请一个个人微信订阅号2、url服务器和服务器端代码部署（可以用腾讯云or阿里云服务器）

1）、AccountsServlet.java类，验证来自微信服务器和微信服务器的消息处理

package cn.jon.wechat.servlet;      import java.io.IOException;   import java.io.PrintWriter;      import javax.servlet.ServletException;   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;      import cn.jon.wechat.service.AccountsService;   import cn.jon.wechat.utils.SignUtil;      public class AccountsServlet extends HttpServlet {       public AccountsServlet() {    super();    }          public void destroy() {    super.destroy();    // Put your code here    }    /**    * 确认请求来自于微信服务器    */       public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     throws ServletException, IOException {     System.out.println("接口测试开始！！！");     //微信加密签名     String signature = request.getParameter("signature");     //时间戳     String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");     //随机数     String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");     //随机字符串     String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();     //通过校验signature对请求进行校验，若校验成功则原样返回echostr，表示接入成功，否则接入失败     if(SignUtil.checkSignature(signature,timestamp,nonce)){     out.print(echostr);     }     out.close();     out = null;   //  response.encodeRedirectURL("success.jsp");            }    /**    * 处理微信服务器发来的消息    */    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     throws ServletException, IOException {    //消息的接受、处理、响应    request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");    response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");    //调用核心业务类型接受消息、处理消息    String respMessage = AccountsService.processRequest(request);        //响应消息    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();    out.print(respMessage);    out.close();            }       public void init() throws ServletException {    // Put your code here    }      }

package cn.jon.wechat.utils;      import java.security.MessageDigest;   import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;   import java.util.Arrays;   import java.util.Iterator;   import java.util.Map;   import java.util.Set;   import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;      /**    * 请求校验工具类    * @author jon    */   public class SignUtil {    //与微信配置中的的Token一致    private static String token = "";       public static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp,     String nonce) {    String[] arra = new String[]{token,timestamp,nonce};    //将signature,timestamp,nonce组成数组进行字典排序    Arrays.sort(arra);    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();    for(int i=0;i<arra.length;i++){     sb.append(arra[i]);    }    MessageDigest md = null;    String stnStr = null;    try {     md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");     byte[] digest = md.digest(sb.toString().getBytes());     stnStr = byteToStr(digest);    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {     // TODO Auto-generated catch block     e.printStackTrace();    }    //释放内存    sb = null;    //将sha1加密后的字符串与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信    return stnStr!=null?stnStr.equals(signature.toUpperCase()):false;    }    /**    * 将字节数组转换成十六进制字符串    * @param digestArra    * @return    */    private static String byteToStr(byte[] digestArra) {    // TODO Auto-generated method stub    String digestStr = "";    for(int i=0;i<digestArra.length;i++){     digestStr += byteToHexStr(digestArra[i]);    }    return digestStr;    }    /**    * 将字节转换成为十六进制字符串    */    private static String byteToHexStr(byte dByte) {    // TODO Auto-generated method stub    char[] Digit = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};    char[] tmpArr = new char[2];    tmpArr[0] = Digit[(dByte>>>4)&0X0F];    tmpArr[1] = Digit[dByte&0X0F];    String s = new String(tmpArr);    return s;    }       public static void main(String[] args) {    /*byte dByte = 'A';    System.out.println(byteToHexStr(dByte));*/    Map<String,String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();    map.put("4", "zhangsan");    map.put("100", "lisi");    Set set = map.keySet();    Iterator iter = set.iterator();    while(iter.hasNext()){   //  String keyV = (String) iter.next();     String key =(String)iter.next();     System.out.println(map.get(key));   //  System.out.println(map.get(iter.next()));    }    /*for(int i=0;i<map.size();i++){        }*/    }   }

package cn.jon.wechat.service;      import java.util.Date;   import java.util.Map;      import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;      import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.ImageMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LinkMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LocationMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VideoMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VoiceMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.TextMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.utils.MessageUtil;      /**    * 解耦，使控制层与业务逻辑层分离开来，主要处理请求，响应    * @author jon    */   public class AccountsService {       public static String processRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {    String respMessage = null;    //默认返回的文本消息内容    String respContent = "请求处理异常，请稍后尝试！";    try {     //xml请求解析     Map<String,String> requestMap = MessageUtil.pareXml(request);         //发送方账号（open_id）     String fromUserName = requestMap.get("FromUserName");     //公众账号     String toUserName = requestMap.get("ToUserName");     //消息类型     String msgType = requestMap.get("MsgType");         //默认回复此文本消息     TextMessage defaultTextMessage = new TextMessage();     defaultTextMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     defaultTextMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     defaultTextMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     defaultTextMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT);     defaultTextMessage.setFuncFlag(0);     // 由于href属性值必须用双引号引起，这与字符串本身的双引号冲突，所以要转义     defaultTextMessage.setContent("欢迎访问<a href=\"http://blog.csdn.net/j086924\">jon的博客</a>!");   //  defaultTextMessage.setContent(getMainMenu());     // 将文本消息对象转换成xml字符串     respMessage = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(defaultTextMessage);            //文本消息     if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT)){     //respContent = "Hi,您发送的是文本消息！";     //回复文本消息     TextMessage textMessage = new TextMessage();   //  textMessage.setToUserName(toUserName);   //  textMessage.setFromUserName(fromUserName);     //这里需要注意，否则无法回复消息给用户了     textMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     textMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     textMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     textMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT);     textMessage.setFuncFlag(0);     respContent = "Hi，你发的消息是："+requestMap.get("Content");     textMessage.setContent(respContent);     respMessage = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(textMessage);     }     //图片消息     else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE)){          ImageMessage imageMessage=new ImageMessage();     imageMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     imageMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     imageMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     imageMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE);     //respContent=requestMap.get("PicUrl");     imageMessage.setPicUrl("http://img24.pplive.cn//2013//07//24//12103112092_230X306.jpg");     respMessage = MessageUtil.imageMessageToXml(imageMessage);     }     //地理位置     else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION)){     LocationMessage locationMessage=new LocationMessage();     locationMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     locationMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     locationMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     locationMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION);     locationMessage.setLocation_X(requestMap.get("Location_X"));     locationMessage.setLocation_Y(requestMap.get("Location_Y"));     locationMessage.setScale(requestMap.get("Scale"));     locationMessage.setLabel(requestMap.get("Label"));     respMessage = MessageUtil.locationMessageToXml(locationMessage);          }         //视频消息     else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO)){     VideoMessage videoMessage=new VideoMessage();     videoMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     videoMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     videoMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     videoMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO);     videoMessage.setMediaId(requestMap.get("MediaId"));     videoMessage.setThumbMediaId(requestMap.get("ThumbMediaId"));     respMessage = MessageUtil.videoMessageToXml(videoMessage);          }     //链接消息     else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LINK)){     LinkMessage linkMessage=new LinkMessage();     linkMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     linkMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     linkMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     linkMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LINK);     linkMessage.setTitle(requestMap.get("Title"));     linkMessage.setDescription(requestMap.get("Description"));     linkMessage.setUrl(requestMap.get("Url"));     respMessage = MessageUtil.linkMessageToXml(linkMessage);     }     //语音消息     else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VOICE)){     VoiceMessage voiceMessage=new VoiceMessage();     voiceMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);     voiceMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);     voiceMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());     voiceMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VOICE);     voiceMessage.setMediaId(requestMap.get("MediaId"));     voiceMessage.setFormat(requestMap.get("Format"));     respMessage = MessageUtil.voiceMessageToXml(voiceMessage);     }     //事件推送     else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_EVENT)){     //事件类型     String eventType = requestMap.get("Event");     //订阅     if(eventType.equals(MessageUtil.EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE)){      respContent = "谢谢关注！";     }     //取消订阅     else if(eventType.equals(MessageUtil.EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE)){      //      System.out.println("取消订阅");          }     else if(eventType.equals(MessageUtil.EVENT_TYPE_CLICK)){      //自定义菜单消息处理      System.out.println("自定义菜单消息处理");     }     }        } catch (Exception e) {     // TODO Auto-generated catch block     e.printStackTrace();    }    return respMessage;    }       public static String getMainMenu()    {    StringBuffer buffer =new StringBuffer();    buffer.append("您好，我是jon,请回复数字选择服务:").append("\n");    buffer.append("1、我的博客").append("\n");    buffer.append("2、 歌曲点播").append("\n");    buffer.append("3、 经典游戏").append("\n");    buffer.append("4 、聊天打牌").append("\n\n");    buffer.append("回复"+"0"+"显示帮助菜单");    return buffer.toString();        }   }

4）、MessageUtil.java帮助类，包括常量的定义和xml消息转换和处理

package cn.jon.wechat.utils;      import java.io.InputStream;   import java.io.Writer;   import java.util.HashMap;   import java.util.List;   import java.util.Map;      import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;      import org.dom4j.Document;   import org.dom4j.Element;   import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;      import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.ImageMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LinkMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LocationMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VideoMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VoiceMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.Article;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.MusicMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.NewsMessage;   import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.TextMessage;      import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;   import com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.QuickWriter;   import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamWriter;   import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.PrettyPrintWriter;   import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.XppDriver;      /**    * 各种消息的处理类    * @author jon    */      public class MessageUtil {    /**    * 文本类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";    /**    * 音乐类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_MUSIC = "music";    /**    * 图文类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_NEWS = "news";       /**    * 视频类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO = "video";    /**    * 图片类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE = "image";    /**    * 链接类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_LINK = "link";    /**    * 地理位置类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION = "location";    /**    * 音频类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_VOICE = "voice";    /**    * 推送类型    */    public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_EVENT = "event";    /**    * 事件类型：subscribe（订阅）    */    public static final String EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";    /**    * 事件类型：unsubscribe（取消订阅）    */    public static final String EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";    /**    * 事件类型：click（自定义菜单点击事件）    */    public static final String EVENT_TYPE_CLICK= "CLICK";       /**    * 解析微信发来的请求 XML    */    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public static Map<String,String> pareXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {        //将解析的结果存储在HashMap中    Map<String,String> reqMap = new HashMap<String, String>();        //从request中取得输入流    InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();    //读取输入流    SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();    Document document = reader.read(inputStream);    //得到xml根元素    Element root = document.getRootElement();    //得到根元素的所有子节点    List<Element> elementList = root.elements();    //遍历所有的子节点取得信息类容    for(Element elem:elementList){     reqMap.put(elem.getName(),elem.getText());    }    //释放资源    inputStream.close();    inputStream = null;        return reqMap;    }    /**    * 响应消息转换成xml返回    * 文本对象转换成xml    */    public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {    xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(textMessage);    }    /**    * 语音对象的转换成xml    *    */    public static String voiceMessageToXml(VoiceMessage voiceMessage) {    xstream.alias("xml", voiceMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(voiceMessage);    }       /**    * 视频对象的转换成xml    *    */    public static String videoMessageToXml(VideoMessage videoMessage) {    xstream.alias("xml", videoMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(videoMessage);    }       /**    * 音乐对象的转换成xml    *    */    public static String musicMessageToXml(MusicMessage musicMessage) {    xstream.alias("xml", musicMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(musicMessage);    }    /**    * 图文对象转换成xml    *    */    public static String newsMessageToXml(NewsMessage newsMessage) {    xstream.alias("xml", newsMessage.getClass());    xstream.alias("item", new Article().getClass());    return xstream.toXML(newsMessage);    }       /**    * 图片对象转换成xml    *    */       public static String imageMessageToXml(ImageMessage imageMessage)    {    xstream.alias("xml",imageMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(imageMessage);        }       /**    * 链接对象转换成xml    *    */       public static String linkMessageToXml(LinkMessage linkMessage)    {    xstream.alias("xml",linkMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(linkMessage);        }       /**    * 地理位置对象转换成xml    *    */       public static String locationMessageToXml(LocationMessage locationMessage)    {    xstream.alias("xml",locationMessage.getClass());    return xstream.toXML(locationMessage);        }       /**    * 拓展xstream，使得支持CDATA块    *    */    private static XStream xstream = new XStream(new XppDriver(){    public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out){     return new PrettyPrintWriter(out){     //对所有的xml节点的转换都增加CDATA标记     boolean cdata = true;          @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")     public void startNode(String name,Class clazz){      super.startNode(name,clazz);     }          protected void writeText(QuickWriter writer,String text){      if(cdata){      writer.write("<![CDATA[");      writer.write(text);      writer.write("]]>");      }else{      writer.write(text);      }     }     };    }    });      }

5）、BaseMessage.java消息基类(包括：开发者微信号、用户账户、创建时间、消息类型、消息ID变量)，文本、视频、图片消息都会继承此基类，在此基础上扩展自己的变量，可根据开发者文档中的各种消息属性进行定义

package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;   /**    * 消息基类 （普通用户-公众号）    * @author jon    */   public class BaseMessage {       //开发者微信号    private String ToUserName;    //发送方账号（一个openId）    private String FromUserName;    //消息创建时间（整型）    private long CreateTime;    //消息类型（text/image/location/link...）    private String MsgType;    //消息id 64位整型    private String MsgId;       public BaseMessage() {    super();    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }       public BaseMessage(String toUserName, String fromUserName, long createTime,     String msgType, String msgId) {    super();    ToUserName = toUserName;    FromUserName = fromUserName;    CreateTime = createTime;    MsgType = msgType;    MsgId = msgId;    }       public String getToUserName() {    return ToUserName;    }       public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {    ToUserName = toUserName;    }       public String getFromUserName() {    return FromUserName;    }       public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {    FromUserName = fromUserName;    }    public long getCreateTime() {    return CreateTime;    }       public void setCreateTime(long createTime) {    CreateTime = createTime;    }    public String getMsgType() {    return MsgType;    }       public void setMsgType(String msgType) {    MsgType = msgType;    }    public String getMsgId() {    return MsgId;    }       public void setMsgId(String msgId) {    MsgId = msgId;    }   }

package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;   /**    * 文本消息    * @author jon    */   public class TextMessage extends BaseMessage{    //消息内容    private String content;       public String getContent() {    return content;    }       public void setContent(String content) {    this.content = content;    }      }

7）、ImageMessage.java图片消息

package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;   /**    * 图片消息    * @author jon    */   public class ImageMessage extends BaseMessage{    //图片链接    private String PicUrl;       public String getPicUrl() {    return PicUrl;    }       public void setPicUrl(String picUrl) {    PicUrl = picUrl;    }   }

package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;      public class VideoMessage extends BaseMessage {       private String mediaId;    private String thumbMediaId;    public String getMediaId() {    return mediaId;    }    public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {    this.mediaId = mediaId;    }    public String getThumbMediaId() {    return thumbMediaId;    }    public void setThumbMediaId(String thumbMediaId) {    this.thumbMediaId = thumbMediaId;    }      }

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