微信公众平台开发教程（四） 实例入门：机器人(附源码)

上一篇文章，写了基本框架，可能很多人会觉得晕头转向，这里提供一个简单的例子来予以说明，希望能帮你解开谜团。

一、功能介绍

通过微信公众平台实现在线客服机器人功能。主要的功能包括：简单对话、查询天气等服务。

这里只是提供比较简单的功能，重在通过此实例来说明公众平台的具体研发过程。只是一个简单DEMO，如果需要的话可以在此基础上进行扩展。

当然后续我们还会推出比较复杂的应用实例。

二、具体实现

1、提供访问接口

2、签名认证和分发请求

3、处理请求，并响应

1）关注

当微信用户关注公众账号时，可以给其适当的提示。可以是欢迎词，可以是帮助提示。

直接上代码：

    class EventHandler : IHandler      {        /// <summary>          /// 请求的xml        /// </summary>          private string RequestXml { get; set; }        /// <summary>          /// 构造函数        /// </summary>          /// <param name="requestXml"></param>          public EventHandler(string requestXml)          {            this.RequestXml = requestXml;          }        /// <summary>          /// 处理请求        /// </summary>          /// <returns></returns>          public string HandleRequest()          {            string response = string.Empty;              EventMessage em = EventMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);            if (em.Event.Equals("subscribe",StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))              {                //回复欢迎消息                  TextMessage tm = new TextMessage();                  tm.ToUserName = em.FromUserName;                  tm.FromUserName = em.ToUserName;                  tm.CreateTime = Common.GetNowTime();                  tm.Content = "欢迎您关注***，我是大哥大，有事就问我，呵呵！\n\n";                  response = tm.GenerateContent();              }            return response;          }      }

2）问候

简单的交流问候，比如你好、帮助等等，跟我们使用微信聊天一样，不过回应是由我们的程序响应。具体功能，可以根据自己的需要进行添加。微信本来就是沟通的平台。这个案例，可以用于在线服务机器人，类似于淘宝的客服机器人，可是我们这个是微信版的。呵呵其实，很简单，获取请求消息，根据关键字来匹配回应。当然这里可能要做的工作很多，如何支持智能匹配，如何支持模糊匹配等。

代码如下：

    /// <summary>      /// 文本信息处理类    /// </summary>      public class TextHandler : IHandler      {        /// <summary>          /// 请求的XML        /// </summary>          private string RequestXml { get; set; }        /// <summary>          /// 构造函数        /// </summary>          /// <param name="requestXml">请求的xml</param>          public TextHandler(string requestXml)          {            this.RequestXml = requestXml;          }        /// <summary>          /// 处理请求        /// </summary>          /// <returns></returns>          public string HandleRequest()          {            string response = string.Empty;              TextMessage tm = TextMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);            string content = tm.Content.Trim();            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))              {                  response = "您什么都没输入，没法帮您啊，%>_<%。";              }            else              {                if (content.StartsWith("tq", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                  {                    string cityName = content.Substring(2).Trim();                      response = WeatherHelper.GetWeather(cityName);                  }                else                  {                      response = HandleOther(content);                  }              }              tm.Content = response;            //进行发送者、接收者转换              string temp = tm.ToUserName;              tm.ToUserName = tm.FromUserName;              tm.FromUserName = temp;              response = tm.GenerateContent();            return response;          }        /// <summary>          /// 处理其他消息        /// </summary>          /// <param name="tm"></param>          /// <returns></returns>          private string HandleOther(string requestContent)          {            string response = string.Empty;            if (requestContent.Contains("你好") || requestContent.Contains("您好"))              {                  response = "您也好~";              }            else if (requestContent.Contains("傻"))              {                  response = "我不傻！哼~ ";              }            else if (requestContent.Contains("逼") || requestContent.Contains("操"))              {                  response = "哼，你说脏话！ ";              }            else if (requestContent.Contains("是谁"))              {                  response = "我是大哥大，有什么能帮您的吗？~";              }            else if (requestContent.Contains("再见"))              {                  response = "再见！";              }            else if (requestContent.Contains("bye"))              {                  response = "Bye！";              }            else if (requestContent.Contains("谢谢"))              {                  response = "不客气！嘿嘿";              }            else if (requestContent == "h" || requestContent == "H" || requestContent.Contains("帮助"))              {                  response = @"查询天气，输入tq 城市名称\拼音\首字母";              }            else              {                  response = "您说的，可惜，我没明白啊，试试其他关键字吧。";              }            return response;          }      }

3）查询天气

这个功能需要请求实时查询的，请求官方的天气发布网站，然后解析其返回值，按照我们需要的格式，组织天气信息，最后发送给微信客户。采用文本消息方式处理。用户请求，只需输入：tq 城市名称/拼音/首字母，即可获取消息。

回复的消息：（以北京为例）

北京  2013年11月6日 星期三  今天：(17℃~4℃)晴北风4-5级转3-4级4-5级转3-4级  24小时穿衣指数:天气冷，建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。  明天：(14℃~3℃)晴转多云微风小于3级  48小时穿衣指数:天气冷，建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。

来看源码吧：

    class WeatherHelper      {        /// <summary>          /// 城市集合字段        /// </summary>          private static Dictionary<string, City> mCities;        /// <summary>          /// 城市集合        /// </summary>          public static Dictionary<string, City> Cities          {            get              {                if (mCities == null)                  {                      LoadCities();                  }                return mCities;              }          }        /// <summary>          /// 加载城市        /// </summary>          private static void LoadCities()          {              mCities = new Dictionary<string, City>();              mCities.Clear();              mCities.Add("101010100", new City() { Code = "101010100", Name = "北京", PinYin = "beijing", FristLetter = "bj" });              mCities.Add("101020100", new City() { Code = "101020100", Name = "上海", PinYin = "shanghai", FristLetter = "sh" });              mCities.Add("101200101", new City() { Code = "101200101", Name = "武汉", PinYin = "wuhai", FristLetter = "wh" });                        }        /// <summary>          /// 获取城市的天气        /// </summary>          /// <param name="name">城市名称、拼音或首字母</param>          /// <returns></returns>          public static string GetWeather(string name)          {            string result = string.Empty;            string cityCode = string.Empty;            //获取城市编码              IEnumerable<string> codes = from item in Cities                                        where item.Value != null                                                && (item.Value.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)                                                       || item.Value.PinYin.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)                                                       || item.Value.FristLetter.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                                        select item.Value.Code;            if (codes != null && codes.Count() > 0)              {                  cityCode = codes.First<string>();              }            //http请求，获取天气              if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cityCode))              {                string url = "http://m.weather.com.cn/data/{0}.html";                  url = string.Format(url, cityCode);                  WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(url);                //超时时间为：2秒                  request.Timeout = 2000;                  request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;                  WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();                  StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);                string weahterInfo = reader.ReadToEnd();                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(weahterInfo))                  {                      result = "暂时没有取到天气数据,请稍后再试";                  }                else                  {                      XmlDocument doc = JsonConvert.DeserializeXmlNode(weahterInfo);                    if (doc != null)                      {                          XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement;                        if (node != null)                          {                              StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();                              builder.Append(node["city"].InnerText).Append("\n");                              builder.Append(node["date_y"].InnerText).Append(" ").Append(node["week"].InnerText).Append("\n");                              builder.Append("今天：").Append("(").Append(node["temp1"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather1"].InnerText).Append(node["wind1"].InnerText).Append(node["fl1"].InnerText).Append("\n");                              builder.Append("24小时穿衣指数:").Append(node["index_d"].InnerText).Append("\n");                              builder.Append("明天：").Append("(").Append(node["temp2"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather2"].InnerText).Append(node["wind2"].InnerText).Append(node["fl2"].InnerText).Append("\n");                              builder.Append("48小时穿衣指数:").Append(node["index48_d"].InnerText).Append("\n");                              result = builder.ToString();                          }                      }                    #region 天气json数据格式                    /*                                     {     "weatherinfo": {         "city": "北京",          "city_en": "beijing",          "date_y": "2013年11月4日",          "date": "",          "week": "星期一",          "fchh": "11",          "cityid": "101010100",          "temp1": "17℃~5℃",          "temp2": "16℃~5℃",          "temp3": "18℃~4℃",          "temp4": "17℃~5℃",          "temp5": "14℃~6℃",          "temp6": "14℃~2℃",          "tempF1": "62.6℉~41℉",          "tempF2": "60.8℉~41℉",          "tempF3": "64.4℉~39.2℉",          "tempF4": "62.6℉~41℉",          "tempF5": "57.2℉~42.8℉",          "tempF6": "57.2℉~35.6℉",          "weather1": "晴转多云",          "weather2": "多云",          "weather3": "多云转晴",          "weather4": "晴转多云",          "weather5": "多云转阴",          "weather6": "阴转晴",          "img1": "0",          "img2": "1",          "img3": "1",          "img4": "99",          "img5": "1",          "img6": "0",          "img7": "0",          "img8": "1",          "img9": "1",          "img10": "2",          "img11": "2",          "img12": "0",          "img_single": "0",          "img_title1": "晴",          "img_title2": "多云",          "img_title3": "多云",          "img_title4": "多云",          "img_title5": "多云",          "img_title6": "晴",          "img_title7": "晴",          "img_title8": "多云",          "img_title9": "多云",          "img_title10": "阴",          "img_title11": "阴",          "img_title12": "晴",          "img_title_single": "晴",          "wind1": "微风",          "wind2": "微风",          "wind3": "微风",          "wind4": "微风",          "wind5": "微风",          "wind6": "北风4-5级",          "fx1": "微风",          "fx2": "微风",          "fl1": "小于3级",          "fl2": "小于3级",          "fl3": "小于3级",          "fl4": "小于3级",          "fl5": "小于3级",          "fl6": "4-5级",          "index": "较冷",          "index_d": "建议着大衣、呢外套加毛衣、卫衣等服装。体弱者宜着厚外套、厚毛衣。因昼夜温差较大，注意增减衣服。",          "index48": "冷",          "index48_d": "天气冷，建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。",          "index_uv": "中等",          "index48_uv": "弱",          "index_xc": "适宜",          "index_tr": "适宜",          "index_co": "舒适",          "st1": "17",          "st2": "5",          "st3": "17",          "st4": "5",          "st5": "18",          "st6": "6",          "index_cl": "适宜",          "index_ls": "适宜",          "index_ag": "极不易发"     }  }                */                      #endregion                    }              }            else              {                  result = "没有获取到该城市的天气,请确定输入了正确的城市名称,如\'北京\'或者\'beijing\'或者\'bj\'";              }            //返回              return result;          }        /// <summary>          /// 内部类：城市        /// </summary>          internal class City          {            /// <summary>              /// 编码            /// </summary>              public string Code { get; set; }            /// <summary>              /// 名称            /// </summary>              public string Name { get; set; }            /// <summary>              /// 拼音            /// </summary>              public string PinYin { get; set; }            /// <summary>              /// 拼音首字母            /// </summary>              public string FristLetter { get; set; }          }      }

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