Java&Xml教程（四）使用DOM方式生成XML文件

下面是我们对要生成的XML文件的具体要求： 1.根节点元素为”Employees”,命名空间为”http://www.php.cn/“,根节点下包含一系列的Employee元素。 2.员工的信息通过Employee节点表示，生成的XML文件有两条员工的信息。 3.每个员工有个”id”属性。 4.Employee 元素有四个子元素- “name”, “age”, “role”, “gender”。 下面是程序代码：

package com.journaldev.xml;  import java.io.File;  import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;  import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;  import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;  import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;  import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;  import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;  import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;  import org.w3c.dom.Document;  import org.w3c.dom.Element;  import org.w3c.dom.Node;  public class XMLWriterDOM {        public static void main(String[] args) {          DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();          DocumentBuilder dBuilder;          try {              dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();              Document doc = dBuilder.newDocument();              //add elements to Document              Element rootElement =                  doc.createElementNS("http://www.journaldev.com/employee", "Employees");              //append root element to document              doc.appendChild(rootElement);                //append first child element to root element              rootElement.appendChild(getEmployee(doc, "1", "Pankaj", "29", "Java Developer", "Male"));                //append second child              rootElement.appendChild(getEmployee(doc, "2", "Lisa", "35", "Manager", "Female"));                //for output to file, console              TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();              Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();              //for pretty print              transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");              DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);                //write to console or file              StreamResult console = new StreamResult(System.out);              StreamResult file = new StreamResult(new File("/Users/pankaj/emps.xml"));                //write data              transformer.transform(source, console);              transformer.transform(source, file);              System.out.println("DONE");            } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }      }          private static Node getEmployee(Document doc, String id, String name, String age, String role,              String gender) {          Element employee = doc.createElement("Employee");            //set id attribute          employee.setAttribute("id", id);            //create name element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "name", name));            //create age element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "age", age));            //create role element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "role", role));            //create gender element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "gender", gender));            return employee;      }          //utility method to create text node      private static Node getEmployeeElements(Document doc, Element element, String name, String value) {          Element node = doc.createElement(name);          node.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(value));          return node;      }    }

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>  <Employees xmlns="   <Employee id="1"><name>Pankaj</name><age>29</age><role>Java Developer</role><gender>Male</gender></Employee>  <Employee id="2"><name>Lisa</name><age>35</age><role>Manager</role><gender>Female</gender></Employee></Employees>

该XML内容没有格式化，如果你需要对XML内容做适当的格式化，参考这篇文章Java中格式化XML

在前面的教程中，我们学习了使用DOM解析方式读取和修改XML文件内容，今天我们来学习如何使用DOM解析机制生成XML文件。 下面是我们对要生成的XML文件的具体要求： 1.根节点元素为”Employees”,命名空间为”http://www.php.cn/“,根节点下包含一系列的Employee元素。 2.员工的信息通过Employee节点表示，生成的XML文件有两条员工的信息。 3.每个员工有个”id”属性。 4.Employee 元素有四个子元素- “name”, “age”, “role”, “gender”。 下面是程序代码：

package com.journaldev.xml;  import java.io.File;  import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;  import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;  import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;  import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;  import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;  import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;  import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;  import org.w3c.dom.Document;  import org.w3c.dom.Element;  import org.w3c.dom.Node;  public class XMLWriterDOM {        public static void main(String[] args) {          DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();          DocumentBuilder dBuilder;          try {              dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();              Document doc = dBuilder.newDocument();              //add elements to Document              Element rootElement =                  doc.createElementNS("http://www.journaldev.com/employee", "Employees");              //append root element to document              doc.appendChild(rootElement);                //append first child element to root element              rootElement.appendChild(getEmployee(doc, "1", "Pankaj", "29", "Java Developer", "Male"));                //append second child              rootElement.appendChild(getEmployee(doc, "2", "Lisa", "35", "Manager", "Female"));                //for output to file, console              TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();              Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();              //for pretty print              transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");              DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);                //write to console or file              StreamResult console = new StreamResult(System.out);              StreamResult file = new StreamResult(new File("/Users/pankaj/emps.xml"));                //write data              transformer.transform(source, console);              transformer.transform(source, file);              System.out.println("DONE");            } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }      }          private static Node getEmployee(Document doc, String id, String name, String age, String role,              String gender) {          Element employee = doc.createElement("Employee");            //set id attribute          employee.setAttribute("id", id);            //create name element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "name", name));            //create age element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "age", age));            //create role element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "role", role));            //create gender element          employee.appendChild(getEmployeeElements(doc, employee, "gender", gender));            return employee;      }          //utility method to create text node      private static Node getEmployeeElements(Document doc, Element element, String name, String value) {          Element node = doc.createElement(name);          node.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(value));          return node;      }    }

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>  <Employees xmlns="   <Employee id="1"><name>Pankaj</name><age>29</age><role>Java Developer</role><gender>Male</gender></Employee>  <Employee id="2"><name>Lisa</name><age>35</age><role>Manager</role><gender>Female</gender></Employee></Employees>

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